Infrastructure is the organizational structures necessary to operate the community or project [1] or the services and facilities necessary for the economy to function. [2] They can generally be defined as a set of interrelated structural elements that provide a framework that supports the overall structure of development. They represent an important term for judging the development of the State or region.
This term often refers to technical structures that support the community, such as roads, bridges, water resources, sanitation, electrical networks, telecommunications, etc., and can be defined as "the physical components of interconnected systems that provide the necessary goods and services to enable, sustain or improve Conditions of community life. "[3]
When viewed in terms of functionality, the infrastructure facilitates the production of goods and services, as well as the distribution of finished products in addition to basic social services, such as schools and hospitals. For example, roads provide the ability to transport raw materials to factories. In military language, the term refers to permanent buildings and installations necessary to support, redeploy and operate military forces. [5] To simplify it, infrastructure is anything needed for everyday life, that is, everything used on a daily basis.
According to the Dictionary of Online Phonetics, [6] infrastructure has been used in English since at least 1927, originally referring to "the structures that form the basis of any processes or systems". [7]
Other sources, such as the Oxford English Dictionary, are the origins of the word to its first uses, which were initially applied on the military side. The word was taken from the French language, where it meant the natural ground, which means the original natural materials under the ground or the railways that are being created. The word is composed of two words. The first is a prefix in Latin, infra, which means "under" and "structure". The military use of the term was known in the United States after the formation of NATO in the 1940s, and was then adopted by urban planners in the sense of contemporary civilization of this term by the year 1970. [8]
In the United States, the term spread to wildfire in the 1980s, after the publication of the American book on ruins, [9] which sparked a debate on public policy of the "infrastructure crisis" in the state, allegedly caused by decades of non-investment And inadequate maintenance of public works. The debate over the crisis has contributed to increased asset management and maintenance planning in the United States
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